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@SandRhoman History you made a mistake when starting at 3:24 you said the OTTOMANs appointed a generali de Candia to govern the civil and military affairs of the island in times of crisis. You meant the Venetian government of Crete
Step 1: Barge into the siege Step 2: Make it obvious to the enemy that you arrived Step 3 Randomly assault the attackers without familiarising yourself with the terrain Step 4: Loose most of your forces Step 5: Refuse to fix any of the defences Step 6: Leave Based french
@Kipter 1999 they were not any more or less incompetent then classical armies on average. We can find examples of such foolery in classical wars, and also, history writes as it wants to. If that sally out drove the ottomans away and was a success, we would be talking about how cool the charge was like we do about the winged hussars in viena. Its easy to speak after it happens.
I live in the city, no more than 5 minutes away from the center, and there is fountain called Morosini there. A couple of the venetian buildings are still standing and used for various purposes. The part of the city inside the walls is maze-like and narrow as it was during the siege and a good part of the walls and and some of the bastions are still standing, especially on the west and south, along with 3 of the main gates of the city. The walls are mind bogglingly wide, layed with grass, like a park, great for a stroll. It's a shame I'd never heard of this siege before.
@chud bud unfortunately in greek schools there's a big gap that is not covered in history lessons unless you take history as an elective in high school and even then I'm not sure how deep they get into it because I didn't take history myself. Basically the history that is taught begins in the ancient times and goes over all the kingdoms and empires, then it shifts focus onto the byzantine empire's history up until the point of its demise and then picks up again after the greek revolutionary war in the 19th century. This means there's about a 400 year gap that is not mentioned at all. This is in no small part due to a deliberate focus on the "better" parts of history while glossing over defeats and subjugation. However it's also worth noting that even though the modern greek territory did of course have ethnically greek inhabitants since antiquity, during many periods as well as that one the land was occupied by foreign powers. So yes the island of Crete is greek but the events in this video whilst very interesting are not exactly "greek history" rather they're venetian and ottoman history taking place in Crete.
- Defends the town for over two decades - Frogs arrive to help - "Undefendable." **proceeds to fuck off** - Morale destroyed The worst enemy is a french ally.
A couple of fun facts from a local in Herakleion. First, some of the ottoman fortresses build for the siege around Candia still stand and the small towns developed around them are now suburbs of the city. Second, during WW2 the population of Herakleion took cover from the air raids of the german air force inside the city walls. This proved to be a wise move since the city was heavily bombed and many buildings were left in rubles, but the walls did not crumble.
I was there in 2018 - loved Crete and stayed a week at Chania and a week at Heraklion. Walked the walls and much of the old city. Great vibe. I look forward to getting back there one day when this BS plague is sorted out.
John Adams Actually, outside of Chania, a city in western Crete, there is a pretty big graveyard for the fallen fallschirmjagers. However, as this video proves, the battle of Crete was a massive victory for them since they took over the whole island in only 12 days instead of the roughly 7500 it took the ottomans.
The amount arrogance you would have to criticize a commander after they have went through holding on to a besieged settlement for years is staggering in itself.
@Mira Moche English is a german language So by your logic I am speaking German too. Yes English has french in it, but I speak and understand English, I don’t understand French. I am Romanian too btw. Spanish and Italian are way more relatable then French.
@Mihai Except when you're talking about war, you must use 1 english word and 500 french words, starting with the word War and basically every single title, rank etc .. 😂 And basically 30/40% of english is already french anyway. So yes, you speak english, i don't have to translate much as a french, i just anglicize french words and voilà. 😂
@Francois Smit "mere peasant woman" you mean Saint Joan Of Arc, virgin warrior who pushed back the English by listening to the words of God, shocked the priest that were supposed to trial her, when they asked her "Are you in the grace of God?" thinking that there's no good answer to provide, if she say Yes she's presomptuous, proud et cætera which are sins, and if she says no then she listen to the devil, and yet responded "If i am, may He keep me in it. If i'm not, may He put me in it." ? Lol, we have nothing but pride for Joan of Arc, she's the ultimate symbol, her statue is in my church, with her armour and her flag in her hand.
Morosini later became Doge of Venice, and kept fighting the Ottomans, conquering all of the peloponnese in the Morean war. Fun fact, his embalmed cat is on display in the Museum Correr, in the famous San Marco square in Venice :)
"The result of their chivalric landing were several dead musketeers" "Rich booty taken from French Nobility and head money" "Refused to make defenses" Oh the French, please don't ever change.
@Willian Pederiva rout is an English word, taken from the french "une déroute" wich means to push someone out of his way, basically kicking their ass and making them retreat, like in a lot of battles of the 2nd half of the 100 years war, where the cocky English grew too confident
@Luis Castaneda They would have been a lot better off not fighting us at all. China rewarded them with an invasion of their own in 1979! And what did the Soviets do for them other than give them weapons that they did not need?
Francesco Morosini: *Holds Candia for 21 years straight* Philipp II: Nah fam, this ain't holdable, I'm out, cya! *Leaves while shattering troop morale*
That cat felt at home in a warzone. That cat probably wouldn't blink at things going off that would make hardened men piss themselves. That cat must have been a fucking BOSS. No wonder the commander took him along everywhere. I would too.
@Ammar Haziq If I understand correctly, the attack on Candia lasted 21 years because the ottomans did not have enough men to take the city and the defenders did not have enough to defeat the ottomans? What gave a blockade on land, where the defenders could only get out by sea at the risk of being killed? So in reality, the part with real fights didn't last 21 years. It was more of a 21-year blockade with occasional fighting than incessant cannon fire and assaults for 21 years straight. The Ottomans settled as if they were at home, with more or less violent phases. The Ottomans had access to the ground, so had to have reinforcements from time to time, and the same for the city with their access to the sea...
I think the Ceuta siege(s) cannot be considered longest, cause during that siege it changed owner 3 times. As a single siege campaign Candia is the longest.
Candia is harder to defend because Venice lose their naval battle to bigger ottoman fleets, all the resupply of the city is through careful smuggling, at two sieges of Ceuta Morocco fleets is not even close to challenge the way bigger spanish fleets, spain dominance at sea was clear as day and they can resupply Cueta easily without any difficulties.
As an Ottoman grandson i have much respect for Morosini and the Venetians, they have big balls and genious tactics on the battlefield. Your biggest mistake was to trust the French
Throughout the entire length of the siege, someone would have been born, started kindergarten before graduated high school, got a good paying job, met and married a woman, bore a son and bought a plot of land and lived in their own house, with a few months to spare before the siege was even over.
@Chris Medina Education perhaps, but trade work no. Children were utilized very early on to help in any way possible, be it food production, maintaining weapons, etc.. The boys fought when they were of age. I'd argue that any youth whom grew up there ended up being incredibly grizzled and capable of withstanding any hardships in life.
In reality it prob led to a "lost" generation. I imagine education and trade work fell during that period, leading to a hearty and world weary generation of 20 yo's that resemble 40 y.o's. Various psychological issues, etc. But hey they knew how to survive.
@Zoomer Stasi Dude Im an Iron warriors chaos marine enjoyer and even im taken a back. Yeah Chaos defo won this one without a doubt but christ you word it just like how Perturabo would and it's only making our victory seem more that petty
@Zoomer Stasi My main problem with you is the absoluty dastardly downplay being performed on the giant rock. With even basic mathematical calculations you will find that not only are giant rocks quite durable, they also have a tendency to cause mass extinction events when they touch down.
In Venetian you can call a very thin person "seco/a incandio/a" and the say dates back to when the survivors of Candia returned to Venice and the population of the city witnessed their poor conditions Anyway great video covering an almost forgotten but long war, the first Morean war and the key role which Morosini played in it would be a great sequel
This was almost like a 17th century edition of a world war 1 battle. The majority of the time is spent slowly digging and shelling and building with sporadic and bloody conflict, all the while being plagued by morale issues (and also actual plague).
Holy Cannoli, thats long enough for someone to be born at the start of the siege, live their entire life under siege and be a fully grown adult by the end, perhaps even dying defending in the same siege they were born in!
Your attention to detail is absolutely stunning. From the Ottoman battles flags you had hanging in the cannon forgery to the Venetian commander's cat, you create such an immersive, entertaining, and education experience! Thank you for doing what you do :)
@xenotypos The armies were similar in numbers, the Ottoman army was a bit larger, but not double. The French knights were quite competent the problem was their leader, John of Burgundy, the guy was the iconic spoiled child of a rich family. Because the main part of the western army was made by Burgundians, he used this to get its command. His tactics were supported by other juvenile French knights, that were very enthusiastic but with no combat experience. The older knights were competent, but they had no power over Burgundian prince's decisions.
1:07 Ottomans prepare to attack Crete after Malta attacks Ottoman ship 4:14 Cretan War 6:32 Preparations 8:42 Siege of Candia begins under Gazi Huseyn Pasha 12:41 War at Sea 15:23 Ahmed Köprülü Pasha fully focuses on Candia after the conclusion of Austro-Turkish War (1663-1664) 20:32 Mine warfare 22:10 Ottomans breach the wall but the defenders manage to hold them back 23:51 Cease in siege because of winter rains Reinforcements 27:13 Siege restarts 28:27 Problems in the Ottoman camp 30:11 Costs of the war & failed peace negotiations 31:49 Siege restarts again 33:40 French, Maltese & Papal reinforcements 33:55 Allied force's failure & Ottoman victory 38:13 Result of the war & casualties
@xenotypos It seems that if the flagship of the armada that came in the later part of the siege would not have been blown up that fleet would have stayed together. If they did so they would have been able to bombard the positions of the Ottomans while the defenders attacked and pushed forward. Maybe a very different outcome?
15 Years later he captured the Peloponnese from the Ottomans and held it for 14 years, occupying the same Athen for two years. It had been a Venician cannonball fired in that occasion that made the powder magazine the Ottomans put in the Parthenon explode. It's said that Morosini, informed about the "unfortunate" event commented "Unfortunate? I hit it with the first shot!"
In Ottoman side there were many internal struggles bind their hand. First commander Yusuf pasha who took most of the island executed by Sultan Ibrahim's order. Political struggles costed so much even capable commanders fall victim like Huseyin pasha. Koprulu Mehmet pasha took the power and ended political struggles but he couldn't succeded Candia Siege. In the end his son Koprulu Ahmet Pasha finished job. All that fight between Ottoman and Venetia over Candia, they lost too much but everything benefited Greeks in the end.
The best history channel on youtube right now. Incredible video on a subject Ive never heard of before, with tons of effort put in and really good production
@Ingold If they did it wasn't by much at a time since fatigue and several near mutinies happened, meaning a great deal of Ottoman troops were there for faaaaar too long. Just staring at those damn walls.....for years.....
Меня не перестает удивлять решительность людей, которые делают настолько качественный контент и не просят за него ничего. Благодаря этим энтузиастам, тысячи людей могут по-настоящему наслаждаться историей. Спасибо!
As a Cretan myself, I greatly appreciate the effort you have put in this research. It truly is a shame, but most Greeks, including Cretans, have never actually heard of it. Thankfully, people like you arise every now and then and render these astonishing moments of history accessible to a greater audience.
@Aerilaya Nergaard Just for the record: why would you want to tell me your worthless opinion? Prussian people paid less taxes at a higher threshold. There were more holidays. Not everything was overly politicised. There was a sense of community. Rulers were forced to make long term decisions. Europe wasn't forced to take up every political movement from the US with a 5-15 year latency. It was beautiful. Clear responsibilities. Imagine having that again. There are no traditional monarchies left and my country had its monarchy taken by the US after WW1, and people didn't really like what came after. So I'd love to live in my country with a monarch like in pre WW1 Europe. How can you call other people idiot while setting up such irrelevant questions? Which system would you rather have?
@Aerilaya NergaardYou appear to be the thing you are projecting upon others. By replying to a comment with actually sound arguments and structure with a mere ad hominem you are by all accounts of debate and discussion publicly accepting your own inferiority.
@FifinatorKlon "The content of your comment begs to differ." By calling you an idiot, I was explicitly disagreeing with your opinion and thereby most certainly not conceding that it was superior.
An all-time great KZclip. Great to have your technique honed so well, and you then dive into something so important, with such confidence. Molto bravo !
Recently found and binged all your siege videos and immediately subscribed in the hopes there would be more. Wasn't disappointed. Based on this body of knowledge, the 17th century was a golden age for military grade shovel manufacturers.
Somehow I always feel that you have reached peak quality in your video, only for the next video to be even better. I love your style of explanation and always learn something new. Thanks for making the last 40mins of my life.
Can't you believe you covered it! I was wondering if you would do that, but I tought it was too ambitious. As far as I know this was the longest siege in history.
This is truely mind blowing (pun intended). To think, that two armies faced off against each other in desperate fighting for as long as i have lived is unbelievable. If i was born in Candia, my entire life would have happened during the siege. Unthinkable!
Leave it to the french to turn a guaranteed victory into a completely pointless defeat. Shoutout to the Germans for staying with the Venetian heros until the very end!
This has hands down become my favorite history channel. The level of detail along with the amazing visuals make every video worth watching even if the subject matter of the 1600’s has never quite captured me until this point.
These siege videos are absolute gold and the effort that goes into them deserves more subs, and as such I am commenting to increase your engagement with the algorithm
One guy who participated in this battle, Georg Rimpler, went on to participate in the second Siege of Vienna, where he died thanks to wounds sustained from a mine exploding while he had been examining a palisade wall.
@Eraldo Qazollari Of course it depends on his own interests. But as someone who loves artillery - either sieges or naval warfare are right up my alley. Originally he focused on pike & shot, but now he's done several siege videos and the presentation is just riveting. (I mean, making a 21 year long siege exciting - now that's skill).
I don't think there is a history channel on youtube that is focused on the naval warfare of this era which means that SandRhoman could make his channel bigger if he started to cover them.
During the 70's, when the city expand out of the walls (which they still exist to this day almost intact) several underground "battlefields" were found.
This siege truly was staggering. I had never heard about this before and I'm shocked that a city could even endure a siege for that long. The willpower of the defenders must have been astronomical. That goes for the attackers as well, but at least they weren't stuck inside the walls of a city.
I swear to god, my interactions with french guilds in online pvp-centric games has been more or less on the same level as Morrosini. A group of english people I was with decided it was a good idea to ally with either a French guild or a German guild to deal with a larger group that was harrassing the nearby areas. In the end the decided to go with the French. Who immediatly decidd it was a good idea to pokes the wasp nest and attack, on their own, the bigger clan, got absolutly decimate. Their reckless actions caused confused and panic among the allied guilds, who started arguing and then disbanded.
Sitting here in awe wondering why no game ever even tried to represent something like this. One day a game on this timeperiod will be made. it is sad that these two centuries are simple forgotten in favor of much simpler historical theaters when it comes to media. I enjoy the content but damn i wished i could play a simulation of this. And Why PLAY do you ask? Well, because i cannot comprehend the hell it was in real life. I can't begin to imagine the hell it was to be in this battle. I want to play a game with this stuff, not worship it or idolize it. I watch these videos to inform myself and i'm aware of how horrible it might have been. Still, curious and impetuous as men sim to naturally be, we can't help but wonder how would this be portrayed, be in a movie (as if hollywood would bother) or in a game, and be thoughroughly interested in these stories. Thank you for this video, i dare say it's your magnum opus. I was a bit disappointed why the siege of Ostende video but this is so perfectly executed within your budget (to which i'm very happy to make a small sum contribution) that i think it redeems anything you messed up. As far as information goes 10/10. As far as entretainment goes, 11/10. Just leaves two tastes, one bitter and one cheerful. The bitter taste of imagining the horror of this battle, and the merry thought of one day playing a game that has such absurd complexity as to simulate this and other sieges you cover and bring joy along with this video and this information Signed, Patreon and great fan, Nilfgaardian Embassador
@dave someone i agree that it sucks but come on, "hiding from nothing" you make it sound pointless, which it really isn't, because more lives hold in the balance, in your country alone, than in the entire siege of Candia
I love your videos! A good video idea may be the battle of Castillon at the end of the 100 years war, one of the first battles won by artillery. (the Osprey book about it is nice)
This channel is honestly one of the best on this platform...amazing, informative and interesting videos that you can see a lot of effort was put in! Keep up the great work 👊
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@SandRhoman History you made a mistake when starting at 3:24 you said the OTTOMANs appointed a generali de Candia to govern the civil and military affairs of the island in times of crisis. You meant the Venetian government of Crete
Will there ever be a video on the longest one, the siege of Ceuta?
This is like the american assult on the less equipped army of Afghanistan but it's successful.
Boycott Amazon
Ii8iii iiiiiiiiiiii8iiiii
I do prefer these longer histories, but I also understand that these take a great effort to make. Your efforts are greatly appreciated.
I'm just thinking, god damn, was this god forsaken island really worth attacking for 20+ years?
True it takes a lot of work and effort
i am sure it started as a "special military operation"
"History" like the Bible, is the biggest story ever told!
True words
“Let’s go. In and out. 20 minutes adventure. “
-Ottoman Grand Vizier before the siege of Candia
@aksmex well they didn't say WHICH christmas
@Cyfertea we never had holiday in ramazan ,, from a muslim country
@Matias, The Carpenter sounds productive
Mission accomplished, heh heh heh.
The Grand Vizir to the Sultan: "We have weakened them sir!"
The Sultan: "How?"
The Grand Vizir: "They got old!"
😂😂😂
wrong ..we allowed the french to enter
The Sultan: "But so did we."
@GuderII funniest part when they pulled up to run away
HAHAHHAHAHAHAHAHAHHAA
Step 1: Barge into the siege
Step 2: Make it obvious to the enemy that you arrived
Step 3 Randomly assault the attackers without familiarising yourself with the terrain
Step 4: Loose most of your forces
Step 5: Refuse to fix any of the defences
Step 6: Leave
Based french
@Kipter 1999 they were not any more or less incompetent then classical armies on average. We can find examples of such foolery in classical wars, and also, history writes as it wants to. If that sally out drove the ottomans away and was a success, we would be talking about how cool the charge was like we do about the winged hussars in viena. Its easy to speak after it happens.
Its really weird how incompetent medieval armies were compared to classical ones
The French way
I live in the city, no more than 5 minutes away from the center, and there is fountain called Morosini there. A couple of the venetian buildings are still standing and used for various purposes. The part of the city inside the walls is maze-like and narrow as it was during the siege and a good part of the walls and and some of the bastions are still standing, especially on the west and south, along with 3 of the main gates of the city. The walls are mind bogglingly wide, layed with grass, like a park, great for a stroll. It's a shame I'd never heard of this siege before.
@Theguyunderyourbed Make sense
@chud bud unfortunately in greek schools there's a big gap that is not covered in history lessons unless you take history as an elective in high school and even then I'm not sure how deep they get into it because I didn't take history myself. Basically the history that is taught begins in the ancient times and goes over all the kingdoms and empires, then it shifts focus onto the byzantine empire's history up until the point of its demise and then picks up again after the greek revolutionary war in the 19th century. This means there's about a 400 year gap that is not mentioned at all. This is in no small part due to a deliberate focus on the "better" parts of history while glossing over defeats and subjugation. However it's also worth noting that even though the modern greek territory did of course have ethnically greek inhabitants since antiquity, during many periods as well as that one the land was occupied by foreign powers. So yes the island of Crete is greek but the events in this video whilst very interesting are not exactly "greek history" rather they're venetian and ottoman history taking place in Crete.
γεια σου συντεκνάκη καστρινό
Gotta be pretty cool to find out that you live in a city that was host to one of the very most epic battles in human history!!! Time to explore!
The French: "You are not brave enough."
Also the French: proceed to leave the city.
Ah yes famous quote recorded in a time with trustable recording device.
- Defends the town for over two decades
- Frogs arrive to help
- "Undefendable." **proceeds to fuck off**
- Morale destroyed
The worst enemy is a french ally.
@Spruce Evergreen da fuq?!?! gtfo here historic scrub nerd
@Spruce Evergreen Well actually the Americans were able to build up a disciplined army because of some ga prussian guy
🤣🤣
"In general, the Venetians held the upper hand on sea, but they failed to transform their dominance into *con-crete* results"
@Spider Jerusalem Romans had better concrete than we use
@Spider Jerusalem I'm not sure, but Romans?
There were no concrete in 17th century.
@Abraxium please add some more.
Addendum : The French saw the con and added a -tra!
I'll stop now :(
You know your seige is not going well when after 20 years the garrison still has cavalry
@Takezo Kimura They had time to breed more bloody humans LMAO
@Takezo Kimura that just means its going fine for the defenders XD
@Takezo Kimura well… that proves his point even more doesn’t it?
They had time to breed more horses.
@MrRamazanLale2 epic burn
A couple of fun facts from a local in Herakleion. First, some of the ottoman fortresses build for the siege around Candia still stand and the small towns developed around them are now suburbs of the city.
Second, during WW2 the population of Herakleion took cover from the air raids of the german air force inside the city walls. This proved to be a wise move since the city was heavily bombed and many buildings were left in rubles, but the walls did not crumble.
Thats interesting. Where these sieges were located?
I was there in 2018 - loved Crete and stayed a week at Chania and a week at Heraklion. Walked the walls and much of the old city. Great vibe. I look forward to getting back there one day when this BS plague is sorted out.
John Adams Actually, outside of Chania, a city in western Crete, there is a pretty big graveyard for the fallen fallschirmjagers. However, as this video proves, the battle of Crete was a massive victory for them since they took over the whole island in only 12 days instead of the roughly 7500 it took the ottomans.
The amount arrogance you would have to criticize a commander after they have went through holding on to a besieged settlement for years is staggering in itself.
@My productions Because the Ottoman Empire was the single most significant slave power of that era.
@Noi Jadis Cailleach You poor thing.
@Tony Sparks because they were Muslim, and homosexuality was even more illegal than it was in Europe.
@My productions Because slavery was a big thing in the Ottoman's empire.
@ManoNegraCG why do they have to be slaves ? stop watching movies.....
The reinforcements broke before the defenders did.
I loved the "Cadia Stands" reference. Perfect for this kind of story.
The City Broke Before The Guard!
The French did more damage to the defenders than the ottomans.
I mean, french only has 2 very good figures in their history and after those figures died the French became weak again.
@Mihai english is some mix of german and french, but on the military aspect, almost every word is french 🥳
@Mira Moche English is a german language
So by your logic I am speaking German too.
Yes English has french in it, but I speak and understand English, I don’t understand French. I am Romanian too btw. Spanish and Italian are way more relatable then French.
@Mihai Except when you're talking about war, you must use 1 english word and 500 french words, starting with the word War and basically every single title, rank etc .. 😂
And basically 30/40% of english is already french anyway.
So yes, you speak english, i don't have to translate much as a french, i just anglicize french words and voilà. 😂
"Maybe the real Siege of Candia was the friends we made along the way."
- Some Venetian or Ottoman infantryman
@LessCommonKnowledge That shovel's name was Wilson, at one point. I bet.
In 21 years you make not just friends but kids, lol, grandkids even!
@Fajar Anugraha fuck yeah
What friends, the French?
Yeah like Hitler said in the movie Look Who’s Back “with comrades your shared the trenches”
Venetian general: The siege was going well. Then we got French reinforcements...
@CPP maybe, short of falling apart in WWII
@Francois Smit You name, François, it literally mean French, in old French.
Now, we're Français, but before, we were Francois 😂
@Francois Smit "mere peasant woman"
you mean Saint Joan Of Arc, virgin warrior who pushed back the English by listening to the words of God, shocked the priest that were supposed to trial her, when they asked her "Are you in the grace of God?" thinking that there's no good answer to provide, if she say Yes she's presomptuous, proud et cætera which are sins, and if she says no then she listen to the devil, and yet responded "If i am, may He keep me in it. If i'm not, may He put me in it." ?
Lol, we have nothing but pride for Joan of Arc, she's the ultimate symbol, her statue is in my church, with her armour and her flag in her hand.
please guys this is just a joke don't be so offended by this
Morosini later became Doge of Venice, and kept fighting the Ottomans, conquering all of the peloponnese in the Morean war. Fun fact, his embalmed cat is on display in the Museum Correr, in the famous San Marco square in Venice :)
@renkov mi-wow🙀
Wow. Bet no one dared criticize him after that counter offense.
Such conquer, very battle.
Much wow
"The result of their chivalric landing were several dead musketeers"
"Rich booty taken from French Nobility and head money"
"Refused to make defenses"
Oh the French, please don't ever change.
@Léon Rothier come on we all know germany losing both wars were not because of the french
@Willian Pederiva rout is an English word, taken from the french "une déroute" wich means to push someone out of his way, basically kicking their ass and making them retreat, like in a lot of battles of the 2nd half of the 100 years war, where the cocky English grew too confident
@Willian Pederiva Actually No.
@Luis Castaneda They would have been a lot better off not fighting us at all. China rewarded them with an invasion of their own in 1979! And what did the Soviets do for them other than give them weapons that they did not need?
@Hamlowe and they surrendered 2 weeks later lol
Francesco Morosini: *Holds Candia for 21 years straight*
Philipp II: Nah fam, this ain't holdable, I'm out, cya! *Leaves while shattering troop morale*
The French retreated so hard a city that had been under siege for the past 20 years fell because of it.
That's why you call a real tactical military retreat ! Making others crumbling while healing away !
@Agung Madika naturally😉, they yelled ''auf wiedersehen in Paris'' to the fleeing French.
@Le Baguette or the Frnch and Russians, respectively
@sinephase They won a few football matches while they were there and showed the locals how to kiss too
Came in arrogant enough to think they alone knew the answer to breaking the siege. Lost, eventually gave up. Yeah, sounds pretty damn French to me LOL
The cat was clearly a tactical genius and or siege expert.
@Stefano Camonithat is so cool…
Plot twist- the cat was actualy the commander
That cat felt at home in a warzone. That cat probably wouldn't blink at things going off that would make hardened men piss themselves. That cat must have been a fucking BOSS.
No wonder the commander took him along everywhere. I would too.
@Stefano Camoni Really? That's cool.
It's like a old Egyptian God who protect his followers then.
You can see It in the Museum of piazza s.Marco in Venice... Mummified like a celebrity.
For those wondering as I did, what the longest siege in recorded history was: The SIege of Ceuta 1694-1727.
@Ammar Haziq If I understand correctly, the attack on Candia lasted 21 years because the ottomans did not have enough men to take the city and the defenders did not have enough to defeat the ottomans? What gave a blockade on land, where the defenders could only get out by sea at the risk of being killed? So in reality, the part with real fights didn't last 21 years. It was more of a 21-year blockade with occasional fighting than incessant cannon fire and assaults for 21 years straight. The Ottomans settled as if they were at home, with more or less violent phases. The Ottomans had access to the ground, so had to have reinforcements from time to time, and the same for the city with their access to the sea...
I hope sandrhoman makes a docu on this one too
I think the Ceuta siege(s) cannot be considered longest, cause during that siege it changed owner 3 times. As a single siege campaign Candia is the longest.
Candia is harder to defend because Venice lose their naval battle to bigger ottoman fleets, all the resupply of the city is through careful smuggling, at two sieges of Ceuta Morocco fleets is not even close to challenge the way bigger spanish fleets, spain dominance at sea was clear as day and they can resupply Cueta easily without any difficulties.
Ceuta was not a continuous siege, it was a series of sieges.
As an Ottoman grandson i have much respect for Morosini and the Venetians, they have big balls and genious tactics on the battlefield. Your biggest mistake was to trust the French
Throughout the entire length of the siege, someone would have been born, started kindergarten before graduated high school, got a good paying job, met and married a woman, bore a son and bought a plot of land and lived in their own house, with a few months to spare before the siege was even over.
@Chris Medina Education perhaps, but trade work no. Children were utilized very early on to help in any way possible, be it food production, maintaining weapons, etc.. The boys fought when they were of age. I'd argue that any youth whom grew up there ended up being incredibly grizzled and capable of withstanding any hardships in life.
In reality it prob led to a "lost" generation. I imagine education and trade work fell during that period, leading to a hearty and world weary generation of 20 yo's that resemble 40 y.o's. Various psychological issues, etc. But hey they knew how to survive.
except, no kindergartens, highschools or good paying jobs.
The more likely event would be that he lived through constant Turkish bombardment until he’s old enough yo fight and then died in defending his city
yep, meanwhile a Swedish-Polish war was passing during these years, with another famous siege
21yrs of siege : an Ottoman could join the war as a sapper and by the time the war ended he already a Professor of Geology
Candia stands! The city broke before the Garrison did!
Imagine a dude that unfamiliar with W40k reading these comments
@Zoomer Stasi Dude Im an Iron warriors chaos marine enjoyer and even im taken a back. Yeah Chaos defo won this one without a doubt but christ you word it just like how Perturabo would and it's only making our victory seem more that petty
Except the guards surrendered first, but hey gotta keep a terrible meme alive somehow.
@Zoomer Stasi My main problem with you is the absoluty dastardly downplay being performed on the giant rock. With even basic mathematical calculations you will find that not only are giant rocks quite durable, they also have a tendency to cause mass extinction events when they touch down.
@Fastwinstondoom You saying that like its a bad thing
In Venetian you can call a very thin person "seco/a incandio/a" and the say dates back to when the survivors of Candia returned to Venice and the population of the city witnessed their poor conditions
Anyway great video covering an almost forgotten but long war, the first Morean war and the key role which Morosini played in it would be a great sequel
I hope they plied those veterans with plenty of beer and vine when they returned, they earned it.
This was almost like a 17th century edition of a world war 1 battle. The majority of the time is spent slowly digging and shelling and building with sporadic and bloody conflict, all the while being plagued by morale issues (and also actual plague).
Well, that describes the entirety of the "Staggering Sieges" series, to be fair
You do realise that this single siege lasted twice as long as Napoleon's empire and how many battles did he fight. Man!
Harald Approves of your epic story telling and animation skills 👍
(subbed & liked)
Baldy were r u 😂
@DigitalNomad and you are no one.
Absolutely loved this, wish there was more content like this on the site. Brilliantly produced considering how much effort it must've taken
thanks man; appreciate the comment!
_"The Siege is not a strategic move, it's a way of life."_
This is the siege of candia.
@Rene Dekart ~some guy born as a baby and died as a teenager in a siege.
@Björn Larsson pretty much the attitude of every noble or U.S. President ever.
_"its a way of life"_
_And death..._
@Chris Rosenkreuz ~some guy that lived and died in a siege*
So this is why my armies kept failing at 99% siege in EU4
@Flimpeen Flarmpoon They were probably joking.
They just needed a bit more troops to start the siege actually)
@Agung Madika if Prussia is at its prime with adequate manpower then it will destroy any nation.
It's impossible to fail a 99% siege.
Big blue blop is awesome you know,until prussia formed😅
So sad that the defenders lost after all that brave fight they had made.
@Valton Tony As if Allah also intended the Turkish genocide of Armenians, Kurds, and Greeks. This is possible only if Allah is a false god.
@KLQL Kirinnever, Allah has always intended it to become Muslim
Create belongs to Greece not italian venitians.
Your animation style is genuinely brilliant. Very unique and memorable.
Holy Cannoli, thats long enough for someone to be born at the start of the siege, live their entire life under siege and be a fully grown adult by the end, perhaps even dying defending in the same siege they were born in!
@Political Puppet Theatre when were they whipped?
@Anonymous thats so true
French: "You are a coward!"
Also French: *RAN AWAY COWARDLY*
Your attention to detail is absolutely stunning. From the Ottoman battles flags you had hanging in the cannon forgery to the Venetian commander's cat, you create such an immersive, entertaining, and education experience! Thank you for doing what you do :)
Yeah it would cool if he could commit even more in this style of animation ! Irt's so good!
It looks like average EU4 siege. 21 years and still standing strong.
Amazing video of the highest quality! It's pure pleasure to watch you.
Only if that is you siegeing an AI fort
If it is an AI siegeing your fort it'll last a year tops
It looks like the French noblemen behaved the same as their ancestors did during the battles of Crecy and Azincourt.
or Patay and Castrillon
Elivinture Ottomans were about 30k crusaders were about 20k and a minor part of them were french
@xenotypos aye,and there is a reason the french had the reputation they did. dont like it? to bad.
Yet they still kicked the English and Flemish ass out of France
@xenotypos The armies were similar in numbers, the Ottoman army was a bit larger, but not double. The French knights were quite competent the problem was their leader, John of Burgundy, the guy was the iconic spoiled child of a rich family. Because the main part of the western army was made by Burgundians, he used this to get its command. His tactics were supported by other juvenile French knights, that were very enthusiastic but with no combat experience. The older knights were competent, but they had no power over Burgundian prince's decisions.
1:07 Ottomans prepare to attack Crete after Malta attacks Ottoman ship
4:14 Cretan War
6:32 Preparations
8:42 Siege of Candia begins under Gazi Huseyn Pasha
12:41 War at Sea
15:23 Ahmed Köprülü Pasha fully focuses on Candia after the conclusion of Austro-Turkish War (1663-1664)
20:32 Mine warfare
22:10 Ottomans breach the wall but the defenders manage to hold them back
23:51 Cease in siege because of winter rains
Reinforcements
27:13 Siege restarts
28:27 Problems in the Ottoman camp
30:11 Costs of the war & failed peace negotiations
31:49 Siege restarts again
33:40 French, Maltese & Papal reinforcements
33:55 Allied force's failure & Ottoman victory
38:13 Result of the war & casualties
Imagine that: Cretan soldiers could grow a family and have their son grow and also fight in the siege all during this period.
sounds like it could be a romeo and juliet esque story. Parents from either side or sibling fighting on the other side would be quite interesting
You did born in a city under siege, and grow up to become one of the defenders on the walls.
This is so interesting. I wonder if there are any games that capture the scale and complexity of these kinds of sieges.
The French: well My Job here is done
Morosini: but you didn't do anything
The French: Leaves
The ottoman intention to stay where they were.
@Andrés Valverde 17
@Andrés Valverde q7
@xenotypos They would never win trying to attack
@xenotypos It seems that if the flagship of the armada that came in the later part of the siege would not have been blown up that fleet would have stayed together. If they did so they would have been able to bombard the positions of the Ottomans while the defenders attacked and pushed forward. Maybe a very different outcome?
I wanna hear more about that Francesco Morosini character and his fighting feline sidekick!
Ending fells bad man, he held a fricking siege for 20 years and the venetian senate complains. What else did you want? a hundred years siege?
@Neutron Alchemist ahahahah what a chad, rip for the parthenon
15 Years later he captured the Peloponnese from the Ottomans and held it for 14 years, occupying the same Athen for two years. It had been a Venician cannonball fired in that occasion that made the powder magazine the Ottomans put in the Parthenon explode. It's said that Morosini, informed about the "unfortunate" event commented "Unfortunate? I hit it with the first shot!"
Imagine being born inside the city at the start of the war and living the most of ur early years thinking that a siege is a part of normal life
One of my favorite channels. Amazing animations, as always. Please, keep up your good work. 👍
In Ottoman side there were many internal struggles bind their hand. First commander Yusuf pasha who took most of the island executed by Sultan Ibrahim's order. Political struggles costed so much even capable commanders fall victim like Huseyin pasha. Koprulu Mehmet pasha took the power and ended political struggles but he couldn't succeded Candia Siege. In the end his son Koprulu Ahmet Pasha finished job.
All that fight between Ottoman and Venetia over Candia, they lost too much but everything benefited Greeks in the end.
Wait how
"Win without firing a single bullet, by whining and provocation" -Greek proverb
Most of Candia's fortifications still stand today and can be visited.
"Nice defense you put up here. Be ashamed if someone made you... Surrender."
-Philipp II Duke of Navailles
The best history channel on youtube right now. Incredible video on a subject Ive never heard of before, with tons of effort put in and really good production
I don't know if I am more impressed with the Venetian and Candian resilience and will or with the Ottoman dedication.
@Ingold If they did it wasn't by much at a time since fatigue and several near mutinies happened, meaning a great deal of Ottoman troops were there for faaaaar too long. Just staring at those damn walls.....for years.....
Both fought bravely and wisely this siege was full of traps and riddles to breach the city or lift siege, literally mind blowing
@M1xwel TH The supporting role that ruined the movie.
I'm most impressed by the French....they single handedly managed to turn the tides of war and bravely run away.
Did the Ottomans rotate their forces out?
I didn't how the siege ended, so this whole documentary was like a thriller to me! Great job!
Меня не перестает удивлять решительность людей, которые делают настолько качественный контент и не просят за него ничего. Благодаря этим энтузиастам, тысячи людей могут по-настоящему наслаждаться историей. Спасибо!
As a Cretan myself, I greatly appreciate the effort you have put in this research. It truly is a shame, but most Greeks, including Cretans, have never actually heard of it. Thankfully, people like you arise every now and then and render these astonishing moments of history accessible to a greater audience.
After a couple of years, you would think an invading nation would find it too costly to keep on sieging
@Aerilaya Nergaard Just for the record: why would you want to tell me your worthless opinion?
Prussian people paid less taxes at a higher threshold. There were more holidays. Not everything was overly politicised. There was a sense of community. Rulers were forced to make long term decisions. Europe wasn't forced to take up every political movement from the US with a 5-15 year latency. It was beautiful. Clear responsibilities. Imagine having that again.
There are no traditional monarchies left and my country had its monarchy taken by the US after WW1, and people didn't really like what came after. So I'd love to live in my country with a monarch like in pre WW1 Europe.
How can you call other people idiot while setting up such irrelevant questions? Which system would you rather have?
@Aerilaya NergaardYou appear to be the thing you are projecting upon others.
By replying to a comment with actually sound arguments and structure with a mere ad hominem you are by all accounts of debate and discussion publicly accepting your own inferiority.
@FifinatorKlon "The content of your comment begs to differ."
By calling you an idiot, I was explicitly disagreeing with your opinion and thereby most certainly not conceding that it was superior.
@Aerilaya Nergaard The content of your comment begs to differ.
The itallian hand gesture was the unknown buff that kept the siege so long, no strategy equiparates to that!
that's how the defenders communicated when they couldn't hear each other over the cannon fire
I love these early modern siege videos. They are always exciting and dramatic tales, presented with good history and insight.
An all-time great KZclip. Great to have your technique honed so well, and you then dive into something so important, with such confidence. Molto bravo !
Recently found and binged all your siege videos and immediately subscribed in the hopes there would be more. Wasn't disappointed. Based on this body of knowledge, the 17th century was a golden age for military grade shovel manufacturers.
These kind of stories makes me love history again. Thank you this was a great video.
I always love how you are still able to see where the walls once stood on google maps.
Very nice video
Most of the walls are still up though. They're humongous, can't miss em!
I went to school on those walls :p
Cheers from Crete!
Somehow I always feel that you have reached peak quality in your video, only for the next video to be even better. I love your style of explanation and always learn something new. Thanks for making the last 40mins of my life.
Can't you believe you covered it! I was wondering if you would do that, but I tought it was too ambitious. As far as I know this was the longest siege in history.
This is truely mind blowing (pun intended). To think, that two armies faced off against each other in desperate fighting for as long as i have lived is unbelievable. If i was born in Candia, my entire life would have happened during the siege. Unthinkable!
Ahmed Köprülü after watching this and reading about his subsequent exploits strikes one as a formidable commander and statesman.
Was he from Cicylia?
He owes his success to his father Koprulu Memhed Pasha.
Thanks to him Ottomans successed.
Well in school we were taught he was a good reformer grand vizier, who tried to prevent stagnation of the empire.
Imagine being like 5 years when it started and living there. Must have been so hard for all those people.
Leave it to the french to turn a guaranteed victory into a completely pointless defeat. Shoutout to the Germans for staying with the Venetian heros until the very end!
@Martin Juric well that island wasn't Venetian
@Zenimi Nassim Nice moral relativism you got there. Hard disagreement. Those who defend their lands and families from foreign invasion are heroes
@Zenimi Nassim there are here
There are no heros
This has hands down become my favorite history channel. The level of detail along with the amazing visuals make every video worth watching even if the subject matter of the 1600’s has never quite captured me until this point.
These siege videos are absolute gold and the effort that goes into them deserves more subs, and as such I am commenting to increase your engagement with the algorithm
Someone was born inside those walls, and likely knew nothing other than a life under siege.
how you guys have so much high quality drawings while posting every week or two? Ps: superb work with your videos!
One guy who participated in this battle, Georg Rimpler, went on to participate in the second Siege of Vienna, where he died thanks to wounds sustained from a mine exploding while he had been examining a palisade wall.
When the video is nearly as long as the siege you know that this will be good!
Tiktok generation
Your channel is amazing. I would love to see you expand to sea battles. If not, at least more sieges of Venice and Genoa.
@Eraldo Qazollari Of course it depends on his own interests. But as someone who loves artillery - either sieges or naval warfare are right up my alley. Originally he focused on pike & shot, but now he's done several siege videos and the presentation is just riveting. (I mean, making a 21 year long siege exciting - now that's skill).
I don't think there is a history channel on youtube that is focused on the naval warfare of this era which means that SandRhoman could make his channel bigger if he started to cover them.
During the 70's, when the city expand out of the walls (which they still exist to this day almost intact) several underground "battlefields" were found.
That bit about Dr Salamon seems like a perfect set-up for some horror RPG scenario.
This siege truly was staggering. I had never heard about this before and I'm shocked that a city could even endure a siege for that long. The willpower of the defenders must have been astronomical. That goes for the attackers as well, but at least they weren't stuck inside the walls of a city.
I think by like year 10 you'd start thinking about maybe just building your own city or something
Vienna: Look at me, I survived two months under Ottoman siege!
Candia: That's cute.
If only Handax had winged hussars...
So the French were trying to defend Candia or help the Ottomans?
@Sander Vercammen Tell that to the Ottomans.
to ally with the french it was and it is like putting a snake in your bed.
Considering French friendship with the Ottomans to weaken the Habsburgs the answer is most likely the latter.
I swear to god, my interactions with french guilds in online pvp-centric games has been more or less on the same level as Morrosini.
A group of english people I was with decided it was a good idea to ally with either a French guild or a German guild to deal with a larger group that was harrassing the nearby areas.
In the end the decided to go with the French. Who immediatly decidd it was a good idea to pokes the wasp nest and attack, on their own, the bigger clan, got absolutly decimate. Their reckless actions caused confused and panic among the allied guilds, who started arguing and then disbanded.
"to ally with either a French guild or a German guild"
well, at that point it was your own damn fault.
"Alright bros let's do this, LEEEEEEEEROOOOOYYYY-"
Life imitates art, art imitates life. C’est la vie.
@Ernesto Gastelum Last Oasis
what game are you talking about?
Sitting here in awe wondering why no game ever even tried to represent something like this. One day a game on this timeperiod will be made. it is sad that these two centuries are simple forgotten in favor of much simpler historical theaters when it comes to media. I enjoy the content but damn i wished i could play a simulation of this.
And Why PLAY do you ask? Well, because i cannot comprehend the hell it was in real life. I can't begin to imagine the hell it was to be in this battle. I want to play a game with this stuff, not worship it or idolize it. I watch these videos to inform myself and i'm aware of how horrible it might have been. Still, curious and impetuous as men sim to naturally be, we can't help but wonder how would this be portrayed, be in a movie (as if hollywood would bother) or in a game, and be thoughroughly interested in these stories.
Thank you for this video, i dare say it's your magnum opus. I was a bit disappointed why the siege of Ostende video but this is so perfectly executed within your budget (to which i'm very happy to make a small sum contribution) that i think it redeems anything you messed up. As far as information goes 10/10. As far as entretainment goes, 11/10.
Just leaves two tastes, one bitter and one cheerful. The bitter taste of imagining the horror of this battle, and the merry thought of one day playing a game that has such absurd complexity as to simulate this and other sieges you cover and bring joy along with this video and this information
Signed, Patreon and great fan, Nilfgaardian Embassador
Empire total war. Not 17th century, but 18th.
well eu4 covers the time period decently well, but yeah no game truly has the feel like this seige
Really puts modern battles in perspective - at Verdun, 40-60 million shells were fired for twice as many casualties in less than a year.
This video is basically a movie. Love it and appreciate all the effort you put into your work!
Wow! I was surprised at the production value of this video time after time while watching! Great job on this video
It's like growing up in a lockdown of *21 years...*
just an entire generation to flatten the curve
@_ Argurios Look at total deaths from year to year. What am I afraid of again?
@dave someone i agree that it sucks but come on, "hiding from nothing" you make it sound pointless, which it really isn't, because more lives hold in the balance, in your country alone, than in the entire siege of Candia
Fauci says "hold my beer"
outstanding work! thanks for all the energy that you put into this!
I bet Candia war cries were "Candia broke before the guard"
Nice that you incorporate 40k battle of Cadia in this video 👌
crazy stuff, I had no idea that mine warfare was used like that in the 17th century. What a crazy feat of sheer willpower! :O
Your videos are getting better and better, fantastic job!
Wow the production of this is insane! This is amazing work.
Candia broke before the guard did.
Candia did in fact surrender
@Xavi. Cat.
"Rampage"
sneed.
Guard broke first.
I love your videos! A good video idea may be the battle of Castillon at the end of the 100 years war, one of the first battles won by artillery. (the Osprey book about it is nice)
I have to say also I thoroughly loved this format of longer video, and your skills improving have been great to see
I'd besiege a city for 21 years myself if I thought Candia was Latin for "Land of Candy"
Another amazing work by SandRhoman. The french intervention was hilarious.
thanks man, we appreciate the nice words!
I loved the fun way you present your videos, is very informative and cool.
17:10 "Some of the most skillful engineers of Europe had been brought to the city, to use a saw against a stone structure"
This channel is honestly one of the best on this platform...amazing, informative and interesting videos that you can see a lot of effort was put in! Keep up the great work 👊
thank bud. 👊
Really loved this one. You do great work. Much appreciated.